Daim phiaj xwm kev tshawb fawb koom nrog kev tsim cov ntawv qhia thaj chaw. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm seem ntawm cartography, uas, feem ntau yuav tshwm sim, pom ua ntej kev tsim ntawv sau. Thawj daim npav tau piav qhia ntawm pob zeb, ntoo ntoo thiab thiab txawm muaj xuab zeb. Lawv tau tshwj tseg nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov xim pob zeb. Piv txwv, cov yam ntxwv zoo tuaj yeem pom hauv lub hav ntawm Italian ntawm Camonica, nws zwm rau Hnub nyoog ntawm Bronze.
Cov duab ntsuas thaj chaw yog cov duab kos ntawm lub ntiaj teb saum npoo; nws muaj cov kab sib chaws ntawm cov kab ke nrog cov paib cim uas zoo ib yam rau txhua lub teb chaws. Yog lawm, daim duab yuav raug txo ntau heev. Txhua daim duab qhia tau muab faib ua ntau hom: los ntawm nplai, thaj av npog, lub hom phiaj thiab cov ntsiab lus. Thawj qeb muaj peb hom: lawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm loj-loj, nruab nrab-loj thiab ua haujlwm me me.
Rau thawj, qhov sib piv ntawm daim duab thiab daim tseem tuaj yeem yog los ntawm 1:10 000 txog 1: 200 000. Lawv tau siv feem ntau, vim tias cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lawv yog ua tiav ntau dua. Cov duab nruab nrab hauv nruab nrab feem ntau siv hauv cov pob, piv txwv li, hauv daim ntawv ntawm daim pheem atlas. Lawv qhov ntsuas los ntawm 1: 200,000 txog 1: 1,000,000 suav nrog. Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lawv tsis tiav ua tiav, yog li lawv siv tsawg dua. Zoo, cov hom phiaj xwm dhau los ntawm thaj chaw muaj ntau qhov ntau dua 1: 1,000,000. Tsuas yog cov khoom tseem ceeb tau npaj rau lawv. Thiab txawm tias lub nroog loj hauv lawv yuav tsis muaj npe thiab zoo li lub hnub me. Feem ntau, cov ntawv qhia me me tau siv los qhia txog qhov sib faib ntawm ntau yam lus, kev coj noj coj ua, kev ntseeg, thiab lwm yam. Ib qho piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws yog daim duab qhia huab cua, paub yuav luag txhua tus neeg.
Los ntawm cov ciam teb ntawm thaj chaw, cov duab qhia chaw dav dav tau muab faib rau cov duab qhia ntiaj teb, cov teb chaws, cov teb chaws thiab cheeb tsam. Lawv tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam kev teem sijhawm. Piv txwv li, cov duab qhia thaj chaw tuaj yeem yog kev kawm, kev tshawb txuj ci, kev ncig mus los, kev hais txog scientific thiab lwm tus.
Los ntawm cov ntsiab lus, daim duab qhia raug muab faib ua dav dav dav thiab thaj chaw. Thawj qhov piav qhia txog cheeb tsam chaw. Piv txwv li, kev them nyiaj tuaj, kev lag luam chaw, kev cawm, ciam teb, thiab lwm yam Cov duab qhia feem tau muab faib ua ob subcategories: ntuj tsim thiab xwm txheej.
Daim ntawv qhia chaw geographic yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los cawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tib neeg xav tau. Nws yog qhov nyuaj rau overestimate lawv txoj haujlwm hauv zej zog, thiab rau txhua tus neeg hauv kev tshwj xeeb. Cartography yog ib qho kev kawm qub tshaj plaws uas ib txwm yuav cuam tshuam.
