Dab Tsi Yog Electret Microphone

Cov txheej txheem:

Dab Tsi Yog Electret Microphone
Dab Tsi Yog Electret Microphone

Video: Dab Tsi Yog Electret Microphone

Video: Dab Tsi Yog Electret Microphone
Video: Electret microphone §26.1 2024, Plaub Hlis Ntuj
Anonim

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm electret microphones zoo sib xws rau txoj ntsiab cai ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov twj microphones. Qhov txawv yog tias lawv tsis tas yuav khoom siv hluav taws xob sab nraud. Lub tshuab qog ntawm cov microphones tau txais them nqi hluav taws xob thaum ua haujlwm. Txhawm rau muab hluav taws xob rau lawv, tsuas yog siv hluav taws xob me me (kwv yees li 1.5 Volts), uas yog tsim los siv lub roj teeb ntsia hauv lub microphone.

Electret microphone
Electret microphone

Ib qho hluav taws xob electret yog ib hom ntawm lub khob ntim cov kaw lus. Nws yog siv los ua ib feem ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau kev tshaj lij thiab tsev neeg lub hom phiaj, hauv kev tshaj lij kev tshaj lij thiab kev lom zem, hauv kev kaw suab thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Lawv feem ntau siv los ntawm luv xov tooj cua amateurs. Lub electret microphone yog heev txhim khu kev qha, lub teeb yuag thiab muaj lub tiaj tus tsis teb.

Electret microphone kev npaj

Cov microphones no tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm capacitors, muaj qee tus lej ntawm cov paib uas tau ua los ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab yas nyias nyob ntawm lub nplhaib. Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob yog siv rau kev ua yeeb yaj kiab. Nws nkag mus rau qhov tob ntiav, tsim kom muaj chaw them nqi, uas muaj lub peev xwm los tiv mus ntev. Cov ntaub ntawv no hu ua electret, uas yog vim li cas lub microphone hu ua electret.

Tom qab ntawd txheej nyias nyias ntawm cov hlau yog thov rau zaj duab xis, siv los ua ib qho ntawm cov electrodes. Lwm qhov electrode yog hlau kheej kheej, daim tiaj tiaj uas nyob ze rau zaj duab xis. Nws cov kev co, tsim los ntawm cov nthwv dej acoustic, muaj peev xwm tsim hluav taws xob ntawm nruab nrab ntawm cov electrodes. Vim tias qhov muaj zog tam sim no hauv qhov no me heev, thiab cov zis tawm tsam mus txog tus nqi loj (gigaohms), qhov kis tau ntawm lub teeb liab tsim los ntawm lub microphone yog qhov nyuaj.

Txhawm rau kom sib haum ntawm lub qes qes ntawm cov teeb meem loj thiab cov cuam tshuam ntawm lub microphone, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv cov theem tshwj xeeb, uas yog tsim rau ntawm qhov cuam tshuam dab tsi (unipolar) transistor. Nws nyob hauv lub cev ntawm lub microphone capsule (qhov no yog lub npe ntawm lub cuab yeej uas tsis tsuas yog lub microphone nws tus kheej nyob, tab sis kuj yog cov theem txuam). Cov vaj tse yuav tsum yog hlau, muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv lub microphone thiab txuam nrog cov hleb, tiv thaiv nws los ntawm hluav taws xob sab nraud.

Txhawm rau kom nkag siab txog qhov haum ntawm ib qho tshwj xeeb tso suab rau txuas mus rau lub microphone, nws txaus los txuas rau lub tswv yim jack ntawm lub cuab yeej (multimeter). Yog tias, raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws qhia qhov voltage ntawm 2-3 Volts, qhov no txhais tau hais tias lub tshuab ntsuas kom haum rau ua haujlwm nrog electret microphone.

Ua haujlwm cov ntsiab cai thiab kev tsim qauv

Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm, electret microphones zoo ib yam li cov hws micro micro, tab sis qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob tas li hauv lawv yog muab los ntawm lub luag haujlwm ntawm electret siv rau daim nyias nyias ntawm daim ntawv ntawm nyias txheej. Txoj kev lav no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv mus ntev (ntev txog 30 xyoo lossis ntau dua)

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm electret microphones yog ua raws li lub peev xwm ntawm qee cov ntaub ntawv, uas muaj lub siab dielectric tas mus li, hloov lawv cov nqi saum npoo vim qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub suab yoj. Cov microphones no muaj kev cuam tshuam heev, uas ua rau nws txuas tau rau lawv cov amplifiers nrog cov siab nkag siab. Raws li lawv cov qauv, microphones tau muab faib ua ntau hom, thaum cov khoom siv electret hauv lawv yog nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm pem hauv ntej, nyob ntawm daim nyias nyias hloov tau thiab raug ntsia rau tom qab phaj.

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